What are the reasons for 80% of safety accidents? It's slackening. The reason for the slackness in investigation is partly due to a lack of attention to safety production work, and the other half is due to negligence in judging the source of danger. To truly implement safety production, in addition to improving safety production education, it is also necessary to enhance the ability of operators to identify hazards.
Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development issued a notice on the issuance of safety points for the construction of five high-risk sub projects, including lifting machinery and foundation pit engineering. The notice includes the safety points for the installation and dismantling of lifting machinery, the use of lifting machinery, foundation pit engineering, scaffolding, formwork support, and other high-risk sub projects formulated by the Office of the Work Safety Management Committee, Hurry up and check yourself against the safety points.

01
Safety points for installation and dismantling of lifting machinery
1、 The installation and dismantling of lifting machinery must be carried out in accordance with regulations, and a special construction plan must be prepared and reviewed. If it exceeds a certain scale, expert argumentation must be organized.
2、 The installation and dismantling unit of lifting machinery must have corresponding qualifications and safety production permits, and it is strictly prohibited to engage in lifting machinery installation and dismantling operations without qualifications or beyond the scope.
3、 Personnel engaged in the installation and dismantling of lifting machinery, lifting machinery drivers, and signal operators must obtain a certificate of operation qualification for special construction workers.
4、 Before the installation and dismantling of lifting machinery, the installation and dismantling unit shall handle the installation and dismantling notification procedures as required.
5、 Before the installation and dismantling of lifting machinery, safety technical instructions should be given to on-site management and operators.
6、 The installation and dismantling of lifting machinery must be strictly organized and implemented in accordance with the special construction plan. Relevant management personnel must supervise on site. If any construction is not carried out in accordance with the special construction plan, immediate rectification should be required.
7、 The lifting and attachment operations of lifting machinery must be strictly carried out by qualified installation units in accordance with the special construction plan.
8、 In case of severe weather such as strong winds, fog, heavy rain, and snow, it is strictly prohibited to install, dismantle, and lift lifting machinery.
9、 Before lifting the tower crane, the rotary lower support should be reliably connected to the lifting frame and leveled. During the lifting process, balance should be ensured and no lifting, turning, or variable amplitude operations should be carried out. After the lifting is completed, the standard section should be reliably connected to the rotating lower support.
10、 If the lifting machinery needs to be attached after adding joints, it should be done in the order of installing the attachment device first and then lifting and adding joints. The attachment device must comply with standard specifications. When dismantling work, the section should be lowered first, and then the attachment device should be removed.
11、 The lifting performance of auxiliary lifting machinery must meet the lifting requirements, safety devices must be complete and effective, lifting slings must be safe and reliable, and the site must meet the operational requirements.
12、 After the installation and attachment work of the lifting machinery is completed, it should undergo self inspection, inspection, and acceptance according to regulations. Only after passing the acceptance can it be put into use.

02
Safety points for the use of lifting machinery
1、 The unit using lifting machinery must establish a mechanical equipment management system and appoint dedicated equipment management personnel.
2、 After the installation and acceptance of lifting machinery are qualified, it should be registered for use and clear safety warning signs should be set up within the scope of mechanical equipment activities.
3、 Crane operators and signal operators must obtain a certificate of operation qualification for special construction personnel.
4、 Before using lifting machinery, safety technical instructions should be given to the operators.
5、 Crane operators must strictly abide by the safety operating procedures and standard specifications of lifting machinery, and are strictly prohibited from commanding or operating in violation of regulations.
6、 In case of severe weather such as strong winds, fog, heavy rain, and snow, lifting machinery shall not be used.
7、 Lifting machinery should be repaired, maintained, and serviced according to regulations. Equipment management personnel should inspect the mechanical equipment according to regulations and promptly rectify any hidden dangers found.
8、 The safety devices and connecting bolts of lifting machinery must be complete and effective, the structural components must not be welded or cracked, the connecting components must not be severely worn or plastic deformed, and the components must not meet the scrapping standards.
9、 When two or more tower cranes cross operate on the same site, anti-collision measures for tower cranes should be formulated. The minimum installation distance between any two tower cranes should meet the regulatory requirements.
10、 When using a tower crane, personnel are strictly prohibited from staying below the boom and lifting objects. When lifting objects, it is strictly prohibited to pass above personnel.

03
Key points for construction safety of foundation pit engineering
1、 Excavation engineering must prepare and review special construction plans in accordance with regulations, and for deep excavation engineering exceeding a certain scale, expert argumentation must be organized. Special design must be carried out for foundation pit support.
2、 Construction enterprises of foundation pit engineering must have corresponding qualifications and safety production licenses, and it is strictly prohibited to engage in foundation pit engineering construction without qualifications or beyond the scope.
3、 Before the construction of the foundation pit, safety technical briefing should be provided to the on-site management and operation personnel.
4、 The construction of foundation pits must be strictly organized and implemented in accordance with the special construction plan, and relevant management personnel must supervise on site. If it is found that the construction is not carried out in accordance with the special construction plan, immediate rectification should be required.
5、 Effective measures must be taken during excavation construction to protect the safety of buildings and underground pipelines within the main impact area of the excavation.
6、 The construction materials, facilities, or vehicle loads around the foundation pit are strictly prohibited from exceeding the ground load limit required by the design.
7、 Edge protection measures should be taken around the foundation pit as required, and a dedicated passage for workers to go up and down should be set up.
8、 The construction of foundation pits must take control measures for surface water and groundwater inside and outside the pit to prevent water accumulation, leakage, and sand leakage. During flood season construction, the drainage system at the construction site should be inspected and maintained to ensure smooth drainage.
9、 The construction of foundation pits must first support and then excavate. Overexcavation is strictly prohibited, and timely backfilling is required. It is strictly prohibited to remove the support when the supporting structure has not reached the dismantling conditions.
10、 The foundation pit engineering must implement construction monitoring and third-party monitoring in accordance with regulations, designate a dedicated person to inspect the surrounding area of the foundation pit, and immediately report to the police in case of any signs of danger.

04
Safety points for scaffolding construction
1、 Scaffolding engineering must prepare and review special construction plans in accordance with regulations, and if it exceeds a certain scale, expert argumentation must be organized.
2、 Scaffolding erection and dismantling units must have corresponding qualifications and safety production permits, and it is strictly prohibited to engage in scaffolding erection and dismantling operations without qualifications.
3、 Scaffolding erection and dismantling personnel must obtain a certificate of operation qualification for special construction workers.
4、 Before setting up or dismantling scaffolding, safety technical instructions should be given to on-site management and operators.
5、 Scaffolding materials must be inspected and accepted according to regulations before entering the site for use. Unaccepted or unqualified materials are strictly prohibited from use.
6、 The erection and dismantling of scaffolding must be strictly organized and implemented in accordance with the special construction plan, and relevant management personnel must supervise on site. If any construction is not carried out in accordance with the special construction plan, immediate rectification should be required.
7、 The outer side of the scaffold, as well as the bottom layer of the cantilever scaffold and attached lifting scaffold, should be tightly sealed.
8、 Scaffolding must be equipped with diagonal braces and wall connectors according to the special construction plan. The site for the installation of floor standing scaffolding must be flat and solid. It is strictly prohibited to overload and stack materials on scaffolding, and it is strictly prohibited to fix template brackets, cable wind ropes, pumping concrete and mortar delivery pipes, etc. on the scaffolding.
9、 Scaffolding installation must be inspected and accepted in stages. Only after passing the inspection can it be put into use.
10、 Scaffolding dismantling must be carried out layer by layer from top to bottom, and simultaneous operation from top to bottom is strictly prohibited. Wall connecting components should be dismantled layer by layer along with the scaffold. It is strictly prohibited to dismantle the entire or several layers of wall connecting components before dismantling the scaffold.

05
Key safety points for template support construction
1、 The formwork support project must prepare and review the special construction scheme according to the regulations, and organize experts to demonstrate if it exceeds a certain scale.
2、 The formwork support erection and removal unit must have the corresponding qualification and safety production license. It is strictly prohibited to engage in formwork support erection and removal without qualification.
3、 Formwork support erection and dismantling personnel must obtain the operation qualification certificate of special construction operators.
4、 Before setting up or dismantling the template support, safety technical briefing should be provided to the on-site management and operation personnel.
5、 Before the acceptance of template support materials, they must be inspected according to regulations. Unaccepted or unqualified materials are strictly prohibited from use.
6、 The installation and removal of template supports must be strictly organized and implemented in accordance with the special construction plan. Relevant management personnel must supervise on site. If any construction is not carried out in accordance with the special construction plan, immediate rectification should be required.
7、 The site for template support installation must be flat and solid. Vertical and horizontal horizontal poles, sweeping poles, and diagonal braces must be installed according to the special construction plan; The height of the free end at the top of the upright pole and the extension length of the top support screw must not exceed the requirements of the special construction plan.
8、 After the template support is erected, acceptance should be organized. Only after passing the acceptance can the template be laid.
9、 When pouring concrete, it must be carried out in the order specified in the special construction plan. A dedicated person should be designated to monitor the formwork support. If there is a risk of collapse of the support, the operator should be immediately organized to evacuate the site.
10、 The concrete strength must meet the specification requirements and be confirmed by the supervising unit before the formwork support can be removed. The removal of template supports should be carried out layer by layer from top to bottom.